MySQL更改賬號(hào)的IP局限條件的方法詳細(xì)說(shuō)明
發(fā)表時(shí)間：2023-07-21 來(lái)源：明輝站整理相關(guān)軟件相關(guān)文章人氣：
[摘要]這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于MySQL如何修改賬號(hào)的IP限制條件的相關(guān)資料，文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧。前言...
這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于MySQL如何修改賬號(hào)的IP限制條件的相關(guān)資料，文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧。
前言
最近在工作中遇到一個(gè)需求：修改MySQL用戶的權(quán)限，需要限制特定IP地址才能訪問(wèn)，第一次遇到這類需求，結(jié)果在測(cè)試過(guò)程，使用更新系統(tǒng)權(quán)限報(bào)發(fā)現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)了一些問(wèn)題， 具體演示如下.
注意：下面測(cè)試環(huán)境為MySQL 5.6.20. 如有其它版本與下面測(cè)試結(jié)果有出入，請(qǐng)以實(shí)際環(huán)境為準(zhǔn)。
我們先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測(cè)試用戶LimitIP，只允許192.168段的IP地址訪問(wèn)，具體權(quán)限如下所示：
mysql> GRANT SELECT ON MyDB.* TO LimitIP@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'LimitIP';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> GRANT INSERT ,UPDATE,DELETE ON MyDB.kkk TO LimitIP@'192.168.%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.%';
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Grants for LimitIP@192.168.%
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC'
GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%'
GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%'
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
假設(shè)現(xiàn)在收到需求：這個(gè)用戶只允許這個(gè)IP地址192.168.103.17訪問(wèn)，于是我打算更新mysql.user表，如下所示：
mysql> select user, host from mysql.user where user='LimitIP';
+---------+-----------+
user host
+---------+-----------+
LimitIP 192.168.%
+---------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update mysql.user set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select user, host from user where user='LimitIP';
ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select user, host from user where user='LimitIP';
+---------+----------------+
user host
+---------+----------------+
LimitIP 192.168.103.17
+---------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.103.17';
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.17
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC'
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
上面測(cè)試發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果這樣只修改mysql.user表， 那么之前的權(quán)限沒(méi)有了，如下所示，如果你查詢mysql.db、 mysql.tables_priv 發(fā)現(xiàn)Host的字段值依然為192.168.%
mysql> select * from mysql.db where user='LimitIP'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Host: 192.168.%
Db: MyDB
User: LimitIP
Select_priv: Y
Insert_priv: N
Update_priv: N
Delete_priv: N
Create_priv: N
Drop_priv: N
Grant_priv: N
References_priv: N
Index_priv: N
Alter_priv: N
Create_tmp_table_priv: N
Lock_tables_priv: N
Create_view_priv: N
Show_view_priv: N
Create_routine_priv: N
Alter_routine_priv: N
Execute_priv: N
Event_priv: N
Trigger_priv: N
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql> select * from mysql.tables_priv where user='LimitIP'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Host: 192.168.%
Db: MyDB
User: LimitIP
Table_name: kkk
Grantor: root@localhost
Timestamp: 0000-00-00 00:00:00
Table_priv: Insert,Update,Delete
Column_priv:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified所以我繼續(xù)修改 mysql.db、 mysql.tables_priv 表，然后測(cè)試驗(yàn)證終于OK了（請(qǐng)見(jiàn)下面測(cè)試步驟），當(dāng)然如果賬戶的權(quán)限不止這幾個(gè)層面，你可能還必須修改例如mysql.columns_priv、mysql.procs_priv等表
mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.%';
ERROR 1141 (42000): There is no such grant defined for user 'LimitIP' on host '192.168.%'
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> update mysql.db set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> update mysql.tables_priv set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.103.17';
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.17
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC'
GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17'
GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17'
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
如果需要修改用戶的IP限制，其實(shí)更新mysql相關(guān)權(quán)限表不是上上策，其實(shí)有更好的方法，那就是RENAME USER Syntax
mysql> RENAME USER 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18';
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.18
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC'
GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'
GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
總結(jié)
以上就是MySQL修改賬號(hào)的IP限制條件的方法詳解的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，更多請(qǐng)關(guān)注php中文網(wǎng)其它相關(guān)文章！
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